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chore(zypper): reviewed article, added snippets

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Michele Cereda
2024-06-15 01:19:14 +02:00
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1
.vscode/settings.json vendored
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@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@
"rego", "rego",
"replicatedctl", "replicatedctl",
"resolv", "resolv",
"resolvables",
"rfkill", "rfkill",
"ripsecrets", "ripsecrets",
"rmmod", "rmmod",

82
knowledge base/zypper.md
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@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
# The Zypper package manager # The Zypper package manager
SUSE and openSUSE GNU/Linux's package management utility and command-line interface to the ZYpp system management library (`libzypp`). SUSE and openSUSE GNU/Linux's package management utility and command-line interface to the ZYpp system management
library (`libzypp`).
## Table of contents <!-- omit in toc -->
1. [TL;DR](#tldr) 1. [TL;DR](#tldr)
1. [Concepts](#concepts) 1. [Concepts](#concepts)
@@ -10,7 +9,7 @@ SUSE and openSUSE GNU/Linux's package management utility and command-line interf
1. [Configuration](#configuration) 1. [Configuration](#configuration)
1. [Gotchas](#gotchas) 1. [Gotchas](#gotchas)
1. [Further readings](#further-readings) 1. [Further readings](#further-readings)
1. [Sources](#sources) 1. [Sources](#sources)
## TL;DR ## TL;DR
@@ -35,10 +34,16 @@ Default files:
Command examples: Command examples:
```sh ```sh
# Update the package cache. # Update caches.
zypper refresh zypper refresh
zypper ref 'updates' zypper ref 'updates'
# Clean caches.
zypper clean --metadata
zypper clean --all 'packman'
# ---
# Search for resolvables. # Search for resolvables.
zypper search 'nmap' zypper search 'nmap'
zypper se -r 'repository' 'mariadb' zypper se -r 'repository' 'mariadb'
@@ -63,7 +68,7 @@ zypper in --no-recommends 'gv' 'virtualbox-ose=2.0.6' '/root/ansible.rpm'
# Install from specific repositories. # Install from specific repositories.
# Requires the repo to be already added. # Requires the repo to be already added.
zypper in -r 'packman' 'libavdevice60' zypper in -r 'packman' --download-in-heaps 'libavdevice60'
zypper in -r 'https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/vivaldi-suse.repo' 'vivaldi' zypper in -r 'https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/vivaldi-suse.repo' 'vivaldi'
# Reinstall resolvables. # Reinstall resolvables.
@@ -74,7 +79,7 @@ zypper in -f 'amdgpu-dkms'
zypper source-install -d 'dbus-1' zypper source-install -d 'dbus-1'
zypper si 'dolphin-plugins' zypper si 'dolphin-plugins'
# Check the dependencies of *installed* packages are satisfied. # Check the dependencies of *installed* resolvables are satisfied.
zypper verify 'git-lfs' zypper verify 'git-lfs'
zypper ve 'virtualbox' zypper ve 'virtualbox'
@@ -88,9 +93,9 @@ zypper in '!Firefox' '-htop'
zypper list-updates zypper list-updates
zypper lu --all zypper lu --all
# Update installed packages. # Update installed resolvables.
zypper update zypper update
zypper up 'vivaldi-stable' zypper up --download-in-heaps 'vivaldi-stable'
# List available patches. # List available patches.
# By default, it shows only *applicable* ones. # By default, it shows only *applicable* ones.
@@ -104,23 +109,23 @@ zypper pchk --with-optional
# Apply patches. # Apply patches.
zypper patch zypper patch
# Perform a distribution upgrade. # Perform distribution upgrades.
zypper dist-upgrade zypper dist-upgrade
zypper dup --details --from 'factory' --from 'packman' zypper dup --details --from 'factory' --from 'packman' --download-in-heaps
# List unneded packages. # List unneded packages.
# E.g. older dependencies not used anymore. # E.g. older dependencies not used anymore.
zypper packages --unneeded zypper packages --unneeded
zypper pa --unneeded zypper pa --unneeded
# ---
# List currently defined repositories. # List repositories.
zypper repos zypper repos
zypper rl -d --sort-by-priority zypper lr -d --sort-by-priority
# Add repositories. # Add repositories.
zypper addrepo --check --refresh --priority '90' \ zypper addrepo --check --refresh --priority '90' 'https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/vivaldi-suse.repo' 'vivaldi'
'https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/vivaldi-suse.repo' 'vivaldi'
zypper ar -cfp '89' … zypper ar -cfp '89' …
# Remove repositories. # Remove repositories.
@@ -136,10 +141,7 @@ zypper nr '5' 'packman'
zypper modifyrepo -er 'updates' zypper modifyrepo -er 'updates'
zypper mr -da zypper mr -da
# ---
# Clean caches.
zypper clean --metadata
zypper clean --all 'packman'
# Execute without user confirmation (non-interactively). # Execute without user confirmation (non-interactively).
zypper --non-interactive … zypper --non-interactive …
@@ -150,8 +152,16 @@ zypper purge-kernels --dry-run
# Clean up unneded packages. # Clean up unneded packages.
# Always check what is being done. # Always check what is being done.
zypper packages --unneeded \ zypper packages --unneeded \
| awk -F'|' 'NR>4{gsub(" ", "", $0);print $3"="$4}' \ | awk -F'|' 'NR>4{gsub(" ", "", $0);print $3"="$4}' | sort -u \
| sort -u | sudo xargs zypper rm -u | sudo xargs zypper rm -u
# Upgrade distribution's releases.
sudo zypper refresh \
&& sudo zypper update \
&& sed -i 's|/15.5/|/${releasever}/|g' '/etc/zypp/repos.d/'*'.repo' \
&& sudo zypper --releasever '15.6' refresh \
&& sudo zypper --releasever '15.6' dist-upgrade \
&& sudo reboot
``` ```
## Concepts ## Concepts
@@ -161,13 +171,17 @@ In contrast to normal repositories, @System provides packages that can only be d
Installed packages which do not belong to any available repository are denoted as _unwanted_, _orphaned_ or _dropped_. Installed packages which do not belong to any available repository are denoted as _unwanted_, _orphaned_ or _dropped_.
One can specify the location of packages or repositories using any type of URI supported by `libzypp` (e.g. local paths, ftp/https/other URI).<br/> One can specify the location of packages or repositories using any type of URI supported by `libzypp` (e.g. local paths,
In addition, Zypper accepts openSUSE Build Service repositories in the `addrepo` command in the form of `obs://project/platform` URI. ftp/https/other URI).<br/>
In addition, Zypper accepts openSUSE Build Service repositories in the `addrepo` command in the form of
`obs://project/platform` URI.
Resource objects are called _resolvables_.<br/> Resource objects are called _resolvables_.<br/>
They might be **packages**, **patches**, **patterns**, **products**, or basically any kind of object with dependencies to other objects managed by `libzypp`. They might be **packages**, **patches**, **patterns**, **products**, or basically any kind of object with dependencies
to other objects managed by `libzypp`.
If one does not request specific versions of resolvables during an action, Zypper's dependency solver will pick a _reasonable_ one automatically. If one does not request specific versions of resolvables during an action, Zypper's dependency solver will pick a
_reasonable_ one automatically.
## Repositories ## Repositories
@@ -209,30 +223,28 @@ sudo rpm --query --list 'parallel'
- [Managing software with command line tools] - [Managing software with command line tools]
- [Zypp configuration options] - [Zypp configuration options]
## Sources ### Sources
All the references in the [further readings] section, plus the following:
- [Package repositories] - [Package repositories]
- [Additional package repositories] - [Additional package repositories]
- [Command to clean out all unneeded autoinstalled dependencies] - [Command to clean out all unneeded autoinstalled dependencies]
- [System upgrade]
<!-- <!--
References Reference
═╬═Time══
--> -->
<!-- Knowledge base -->
[rpm]: rpm.md
<!-- Upstream --> <!-- Upstream -->
[additional package repositories]: https://en.opensuse.org/Additional_package_repositories [additional package repositories]: https://en.opensuse.org/Additional_package_repositories
[command to clean out all unneeded autoinstalled dependencies]: https://github.com/openSUSE/zypper/issues/116 [command to clean out all unneeded autoinstalled dependencies]: https://github.com/openSUSE/zypper/issues/116
[managing software with command line tools]: https://documentation.suse.com/sles/15-SP5/html/SLES-all/cha-sw-cl.html [managing software with command line tools]: https://documentation.suse.com/sles/15-SP5/html/SLES-all/cha-sw-cl.html
[package repositories]: https://en.opensuse.org/Package_repositories [package repositories]: https://en.opensuse.org/Package_repositories
[system upgrade]: https://en.opensuse.org/SDB:System_upgrade
[zypp configuration options]: https://doc.opensuse.org/projects/libzypp/HEAD/group__ZyppConfig.html [zypp configuration options]: https://doc.opensuse.org/projects/libzypp/HEAD/group__ZyppConfig.html
<!-- In-article sections -->
[further readings]: #further-readings
<!-- Knowledge base -->
[rpm]: rpm.md
<!-- Others --> <!-- Others -->
[how can i list all files which have been installed by an zypp/zypper package?]: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/162092/how-can-i-list-all-files-which-have-been-installed-by-an-zypp-zypper-package#239944 [how can i list all files which have been installed by an zypp/zypper package?]: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/162092/how-can-i-list-all-files-which-have-been-installed-by-an-zypp-zypper-package#239944

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snippets/zypper.sh Normal file
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#!/usr/bin/env sh
# Update the cache
sudo zypper refresh
sudo zypper ref 'updates'
sudo zypper ref --releasever '15.6'
# Search for resolvables
zypper search 'nmap'
zypper se -r 'mariadb-repo' 'mariadb'
zypper se -s 'kernel-default'
zypper se --details 'boinc-client'
# Display resolvables' detailed information
zypper info 'workrave'
zypper if -t 'patch' 'libzypp'
zypper if -t 'pattern' 'lamp_server'
# Install resolvables
sudo zypper install 'parallel'
sudo zypper in --no-confirm --download-in-heaps 'https://prerelease.keybase.io/keybase_amd64.rpm'
sudo zypper in --no-recommends 'gv' 'virtualbox-ose=2.0.6' '/root/ansible.rpm'
sudo zypper in -r 'https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/vivaldi-suse.repo' 'vivaldi'
sudo zypper in -f 'amdgpu-dkms'
# Check the dependencies of *installed* resolvables are satisfied
zypper verify 'git-lfs'
zypper ve 'virtualbox'
# Remove resolvables
sudo zypper remove --clean-deps 'code'
sudo zypper rm -u 'zfs'
sudo zypper in '!Firefox' '-htop'
# Clean caches
sudo zypper clean --metadata
sudo zypper clean --all 'packman'
# List available udates
# By default, it shows only *installable* ones
zypper list-updates
zypper lu --all --releasever '15.6'
# Update installed resolvables.
sudo zypper update
sudo zypper up 'vivaldi-stable'
# Perform distribution upgrades.
sudo zypper dist-upgrade
sudo zypper dup --details --from 'factory' --from 'packman'
sudo zypper --releasever '15.6' --download-in-heaps dup
# List repositories
zypper repos
zypper lr -d --sort-by-priority
# Add repositories
sudo zypper addrepo --check --refresh --priority '90' 'https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/vivaldi-suse.repo' 'vivaldi'
# Remove repositories
sudo zypper removerepo 'mozilla'
sudo zypper rr '3'
# Clean up installed kernel packages
zypper purge-kernels --dry-run
# Clean up unneded packages
# Always check what is being done
zypper packages --unneeded \
| awk -F'|' 'NR>4{gsub(" ", "", $0);print $3"="$4}' | sort -u \
| sudo xargs -p zypper rm -u
# Upgrade distribution's releases
sudo zypper refresh
sudo zypper update
sed -i 's|/15.5/|/${releasever}/|g' '/etc/zypp/repos.d/'*'.repo'
sudo zypper --releasever '15.6' refresh
sudo zypper --releasever '15.6' dist-upgrade
sudo reboot