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chore(zypper): reviewed article, added snippets
This commit is contained in:
Michele Cereda
1
.vscode/settings.json
vendored
1
.vscode/settings.json
vendored
@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@
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"rego",
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"replicatedctl",
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"resolv",
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"resolvables",
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"rfkill",
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"ripsecrets",
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"rmmod",
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@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
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# The Zypper package manager
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SUSE and openSUSE GNU/Linux's package management utility and command-line interface to the ZYpp system management library (`libzypp`).
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## Table of contents <!-- omit in toc -->
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SUSE and openSUSE GNU/Linux's package management utility and command-line interface to the ZYpp system management
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library (`libzypp`).
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1. [TL;DR](#tldr)
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1. [Concepts](#concepts)
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@@ -10,7 +9,7 @@ SUSE and openSUSE GNU/Linux's package management utility and command-line interf
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1. [Configuration](#configuration)
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1. [Gotchas](#gotchas)
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1. [Further readings](#further-readings)
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1. [Sources](#sources)
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1. [Sources](#sources)
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## TL;DR
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@@ -35,10 +34,16 @@ Default files:
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Command examples:
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```sh
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# Update the package cache.
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# Update caches.
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zypper refresh
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zypper ref 'updates'
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# Clean caches.
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zypper clean --metadata
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zypper clean --all 'packman'
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# ---
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# Search for resolvables.
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zypper search 'nmap'
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zypper se -r 'repository' 'mariadb'
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@@ -63,7 +68,7 @@ zypper in --no-recommends 'gv' 'virtualbox-ose=2.0.6' '/root/ansible.rpm'
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# Install from specific repositories.
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# Requires the repo to be already added.
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zypper in -r 'packman' 'libavdevice60'
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zypper in -r 'packman' --download-in-heaps 'libavdevice60'
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zypper in -r 'https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/vivaldi-suse.repo' 'vivaldi'
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# Reinstall resolvables.
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@@ -74,7 +79,7 @@ zypper in -f 'amdgpu-dkms'
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zypper source-install -d 'dbus-1'
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zypper si 'dolphin-plugins'
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# Check the dependencies of *installed* packages are satisfied.
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# Check the dependencies of *installed* resolvables are satisfied.
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zypper verify 'git-lfs'
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zypper ve 'virtualbox'
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@@ -88,9 +93,9 @@ zypper in '!Firefox' '-htop'
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zypper list-updates
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zypper lu --all
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# Update installed packages.
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# Update installed resolvables.
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zypper update
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zypper up 'vivaldi-stable'
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zypper up --download-in-heaps 'vivaldi-stable'
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# List available patches.
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# By default, it shows only *applicable* ones.
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@@ -104,23 +109,23 @@ zypper pchk --with-optional
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# Apply patches.
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zypper patch
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# Perform a distribution upgrade.
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# Perform distribution upgrades.
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zypper dist-upgrade
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zypper dup --details --from 'factory' --from 'packman'
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zypper dup --details --from 'factory' --from 'packman' --download-in-heaps
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# List unneded packages.
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# E.g. older dependencies not used anymore.
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zypper packages --unneeded
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zypper pa --unneeded
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# ---
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# List currently defined repositories.
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# List repositories.
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zypper repos
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zypper rl -d --sort-by-priority
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zypper lr -d --sort-by-priority
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# Add repositories.
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zypper addrepo --check --refresh --priority '90' \
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'https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/vivaldi-suse.repo' 'vivaldi'
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zypper addrepo --check --refresh --priority '90' 'https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/vivaldi-suse.repo' 'vivaldi'
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zypper ar -cfp '89' …
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# Remove repositories.
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@@ -136,10 +141,7 @@ zypper nr '5' 'packman'
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zypper modifyrepo -er 'updates'
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zypper mr -da
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# Clean caches.
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zypper clean --metadata
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zypper clean --all 'packman'
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# ---
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# Execute without user confirmation (non-interactively).
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zypper --non-interactive …
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@@ -150,8 +152,16 @@ zypper purge-kernels --dry-run
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# Clean up unneded packages.
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# Always check what is being done.
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zypper packages --unneeded \
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| awk -F'|' 'NR>4{gsub(" ", "", $0);print $3"="$4}' \
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| sort -u | sudo xargs zypper rm -u
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| awk -F'|' 'NR>4{gsub(" ", "", $0);print $3"="$4}' | sort -u \
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| sudo xargs zypper rm -u
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# Upgrade distribution's releases.
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sudo zypper refresh \
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&& sudo zypper update \
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&& sed -i 's|/15.5/|/${releasever}/|g' '/etc/zypp/repos.d/'*'.repo' \
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&& sudo zypper --releasever '15.6' refresh \
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&& sudo zypper --releasever '15.6' dist-upgrade \
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&& sudo reboot
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```
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## Concepts
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@@ -161,13 +171,17 @@ In contrast to normal repositories, @System provides packages that can only be d
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Installed packages which do not belong to any available repository are denoted as _unwanted_, _orphaned_ or _dropped_.
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One can specify the location of packages or repositories using any type of URI supported by `libzypp` (e.g. local paths, ftp/https/other URI).<br/>
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In addition, Zypper accepts openSUSE Build Service repositories in the `addrepo` command in the form of `obs://project/platform` URI.
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One can specify the location of packages or repositories using any type of URI supported by `libzypp` (e.g. local paths,
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ftp/https/other URI).<br/>
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In addition, Zypper accepts openSUSE Build Service repositories in the `addrepo` command in the form of
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`obs://project/platform` URI.
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Resource objects are called _resolvables_.<br/>
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They might be **packages**, **patches**, **patterns**, **products**, or basically any kind of object with dependencies to other objects managed by `libzypp`.
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They might be **packages**, **patches**, **patterns**, **products**, or basically any kind of object with dependencies
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to other objects managed by `libzypp`.
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If one does not request specific versions of resolvables during an action, Zypper's dependency solver will pick a _reasonable_ one automatically.
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If one does not request specific versions of resolvables during an action, Zypper's dependency solver will pick a
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_reasonable_ one automatically.
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## Repositories
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@@ -209,30 +223,28 @@ sudo rpm --query --list 'parallel'
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- [Managing software with command line tools]
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- [Zypp configuration options]
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## Sources
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All the references in the [further readings] section, plus the following:
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### Sources
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- [Package repositories]
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- [Additional package repositories]
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- [Command to clean out all unneeded autoinstalled dependencies]
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- [System upgrade]
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<!--
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References
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Reference
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═╬═Time══
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-->
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<!-- Knowledge base -->
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[rpm]: rpm.md
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<!-- Upstream -->
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[additional package repositories]: https://en.opensuse.org/Additional_package_repositories
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[command to clean out all unneeded autoinstalled dependencies]: https://github.com/openSUSE/zypper/issues/116
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[managing software with command line tools]: https://documentation.suse.com/sles/15-SP5/html/SLES-all/cha-sw-cl.html
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[package repositories]: https://en.opensuse.org/Package_repositories
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[system upgrade]: https://en.opensuse.org/SDB:System_upgrade
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[zypp configuration options]: https://doc.opensuse.org/projects/libzypp/HEAD/group__ZyppConfig.html
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<!-- In-article sections -->
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[further readings]: #further-readings
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<!-- Knowledge base -->
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[rpm]: rpm.md
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<!-- Others -->
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[how can i list all files which have been installed by an zypp/zypper package?]: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/162092/how-can-i-list-all-files-which-have-been-installed-by-an-zypp-zypper-package#239944
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79
snippets/zypper.sh
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79
snippets/zypper.sh
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@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
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#!/usr/bin/env sh
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# Update the cache
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sudo zypper refresh
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sudo zypper ref 'updates'
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sudo zypper ref --releasever '15.6'
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# Search for resolvables
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zypper search 'nmap'
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zypper se -r 'mariadb-repo' 'mariadb'
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zypper se -s 'kernel-default'
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zypper se --details 'boinc-client'
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# Display resolvables' detailed information
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zypper info 'workrave'
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zypper if -t 'patch' 'libzypp'
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zypper if -t 'pattern' 'lamp_server'
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# Install resolvables
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sudo zypper install 'parallel'
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sudo zypper in --no-confirm --download-in-heaps 'https://prerelease.keybase.io/keybase_amd64.rpm'
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sudo zypper in --no-recommends 'gv' 'virtualbox-ose=2.0.6' '/root/ansible.rpm'
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sudo zypper in -r 'https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/vivaldi-suse.repo' 'vivaldi'
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sudo zypper in -f 'amdgpu-dkms'
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# Check the dependencies of *installed* resolvables are satisfied
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zypper verify 'git-lfs'
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zypper ve 'virtualbox'
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# Remove resolvables
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sudo zypper remove --clean-deps 'code'
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sudo zypper rm -u 'zfs'
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sudo zypper in '!Firefox' '-htop'
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# Clean caches
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sudo zypper clean --metadata
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sudo zypper clean --all 'packman'
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# List available udates
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# By default, it shows only *installable* ones
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zypper list-updates
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zypper lu --all --releasever '15.6'
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# Update installed resolvables.
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sudo zypper update
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sudo zypper up 'vivaldi-stable'
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# Perform distribution upgrades.
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sudo zypper dist-upgrade
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sudo zypper dup --details --from 'factory' --from 'packman'
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sudo zypper --releasever '15.6' --download-in-heaps dup
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# List repositories
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zypper repos
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zypper lr -d --sort-by-priority
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# Add repositories
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sudo zypper addrepo --check --refresh --priority '90' 'https://repo.vivaldi.com/archive/vivaldi-suse.repo' 'vivaldi'
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# Remove repositories
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sudo zypper removerepo 'mozilla'
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sudo zypper rr '3'
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# Clean up installed kernel packages
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zypper purge-kernels --dry-run
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# Clean up unneded packages
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# Always check what is being done
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zypper packages --unneeded \
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| awk -F'|' 'NR>4{gsub(" ", "", $0);print $3"="$4}' | sort -u \
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| sudo xargs -p zypper rm -u
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# Upgrade distribution's releases
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sudo zypper refresh
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sudo zypper update
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sed -i 's|/15.5/|/${releasever}/|g' '/etc/zypp/repos.d/'*'.repo'
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sudo zypper --releasever '15.6' refresh
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sudo zypper --releasever '15.6' dist-upgrade
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sudo reboot
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user