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92 lines
2.3 KiB
Markdown
92 lines
2.3 KiB
Markdown
# Vim
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1. [TL;DR](#tldr)
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1. [Modelines](#modelines)
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1. [Further readings](#further-readings)
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1. [Sources](#sources)
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## TL;DR
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```sh
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# Go to a particular line.
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42G
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42gg
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:42<CR>
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# Delete all file's lines.
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:1,$d
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# Substitute text.
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:s/old/new/ # 'old' to 'new', only once
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:s/some/any/g # 'some' to 'any', all occurrences from the current cursor's position
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:%s/ /\t/g # 4-spaces indentations to tabs, all occurrences in the whole file
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# Enable auto indentation per file type.
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:filetype plugin indent on
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# Render existing tab as 4 spaces in width.
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:set tabstop=4
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# Insert 4 spaces of width when indenting with '>'.
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:set shiftwidth=4
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# Insert 4 spaces when indenting with 'tab'.
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:set expandtab
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# Align the file to the current indentation settings.
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:retab
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# Get help on something.
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:help modeline
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```
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## Modelines
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Set different options for a particular file.
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> The `modeline` option must be enabled in order to take advantage of this.<br/>
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> This option is **set** by default for Vim running in nocompatible mode, but some notable distributions of Vim disable
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> it in the system's `vimrc` for security. In addition, the option is **off** by default when editing as `root`.
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See `:help modeline` for more information.
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The modeline line needs to:
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- be placed near the top of the file; how near, will depend on the modeline settings
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- start with a comment opening for the file type.
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> The space between the comment opening and 'vim' is necessary for the modeline to be recognized.
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Examples:
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```txt
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# vim: set expandtab:
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# -*- mode: ruby -*-
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# vi: set ft=ruby :
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/* ex: set ts=8 sw=4 tw=0 noet : */
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```
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## Further readings
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### Sources
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- [Modeline magic]
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- [Embed vim settings in file]
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- [Basic vimrc]
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- [Set whitespace preferences by filetype]
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- [Find and Replace in Vim / Vi]
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<!--
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Reference
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═╬═Time══
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-->
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<!-- Others -->
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[basic vimrc]: https://github.com/amix/vimrc/blob/master/vimrcs/basic.vim
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[embed vim settings in file]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3958416/embed-vim-settings-in-file#3958516
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[find and replace in vim / vi]: https://linuxize.com/post/vim-find-replace/
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[modeline magic]: https://vim.fandom.com/wiki/Modeline_magic
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[set whitespace preferences by filetype]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1562633/setting-vim-whitespace-preferences-by-filetype#1563552
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