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55 lines
1.8 KiB
Markdown
55 lines
1.8 KiB
Markdown
# Grep
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## TL;DR
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```shell
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# base search
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grep 'pattern' path/to/search
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# recursive search
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grep -R 'pattern' path/to/search/recursively
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grep -R --exclude-dir excluded/dir 'pattern' path/to/search/recursively # gnu grep >= 2.5.2
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# show line numbers
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grep -n 'pattern' path/to/search
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```
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## Grep variants
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- [`egrep`](#egrep) to use regular expressions in search patterns, same as `grep -E`
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- [`fgrep`](#fgrep) to use patterns as fixed strings, same as `grep -F`
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- [archive-related variants](#archive-related-variants) for searching into compressed files
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- [`pdfgrep`](#pdfgrep) for searching into PDF files
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### Archive-related variants
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- [`xzgrep`](#xzgrep) (with `xzegrep` and `xzfgrep`)
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- [`zstdgrep`](#zstdgrep) for zstd archives
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- many many others
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### PDFgrep
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For simple searches, you might want to use [pdfgrep].
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Should you need more advanced grep capabilities not incorporated by pdfgrep, you might want to convert the file to text and search there.
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You can to this using [`pdftotext`](pdfgrep.md) as shown in this example ([source][stackoverflow answer about how to search contents of multiple pdf files]):
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```sh
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find /path -name '*.pdf' -exec sh -c 'pdftotext "{}" - | grep --with-filename --label="{}" --color "your pattern"' ';'
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```
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## Further readings
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- Answer on [StackOverflow] about [how to search contents of multiple pdf files]
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- [Regular expressions in grep with examples]
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- [Grep the standard error stream]
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- Knowledge base on [pdfgrep]
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[grep the standard error stream]: grep\ the\ standard\ error\ stream.md
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[pdfgrep]: pdfgrep.md
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[stackoverflow]: https://stackoverflow.com
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[how to search contents of multiple pdf files]: https://stackoverflow.com/a/4643518
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[regular expressions in grep with examples]: https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/grep-regular-expressions/
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