oam/knowledge base/linux/opensuse.md

# OpenSUSE

1. [Enable Bluetooth pairing on boot](#enable-bluetooth-pairing-on-boot)
1. [Enable SSH access from outside after installation](#enable-ssh-access-from-outside-after-installation)
1. [Raspberry Pi](#raspberry-pi)
   1. [Firmware update from a running system](#firmware-update-from-a-running-system)
1. [Rollback from a bootable snapshot](#rollback-from-a-bootable-snapshot)
1. [Firefox MP4/H.264 video support](#firefox-mp4h264-video-support)
1. [Docker images](#docker-images)
1. [Further readings](#further-readings)
   1. [Sources](#sources)

## Enable Bluetooth pairing on boot

1. enable the `bluetooth` service on boot
1. install `bluez-auto-enable-devices`; this will create the configuration file `/etc/bluetooth/main.conf`

Also see specific settings in the [Bluetooth] KB.

## Enable SSH access from outside after installation

Open port 22 on the firewall:

- using Yast:

  1. open _Yast2_ > _Firewall_
  1. make sure your interfaces are appointed to the _External_ zone
  1. check _ssh_ is in the _Allowed services_ column and add it to the list if not
  1. save the configuration and exit (make sure the firewall is reloaded on exit)

- using [firewall-cmd][firewalld] on the command line:

  ```sh
  sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=22/tcp --permanent
  ```

Start the SSH daemon:

- using Yast: open _Yast2_ > _System services_ and enable _SSHD_
- using [systemctl][systemd] on the command line:

  ```sh
  sudo systemctl enable --now sshd.service
  ```

## Raspberry Pi

Install the OS from another computer capable of reading and writing SD cards.

Given `/dev/sdb` being a SD card, use the following:

```sh
curl -C - -L -o opensuse.raw.xz http://download.opensuse.org/ports/aarch64/tumbleweed/appliances/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-ARM-JeOS-raspberrypi.aarch64.raw.xz
xzcat opensuse.raw.xz \
 | sudo dd bs=4M of=/dev/sdb iflag=fullblock oflag=direct status=progress \
 && sync
```

Insert the SD card in the Raspberry Pi and power it on. The network is configured to get an IP address on `eth0` using
DHCP.

Connect using SSH and login using `root:linux`.

### Firmware update from a running system

```sh
# Check for an updated firmware.
sudo rpi-eeprom-update

# Install the new version and reboot.
sudo rpi-eeprom-update -a && sync && reboot
```

## Rollback from a bootable snapshot

Do as follows:

1. boot the system
1. in GRUB's boot menu, choose _Bootable snapshots_
1. select the snapshot you want to boot into; the list of snapshots is listed by date, the most recent snapshot being
   listed first
1. log in to the system
1. carefully check whether everything works as expected

   > You cannot write to any directory that is part of the snapshot. Data you write to other directories will not get
   > lost, regardless of what you do next.

Depending on whether you want to perform the rollback or not, choose your next step:

- if the system is in a state where you do **not** want to do a rollback, reboot and boot again into a different
  snapshot, or start the rescue system.
- to perform the rollback, run

  ```sh
  sudo snapper rollback
  ```

  and reboot

On the boot screen, choose the **default** boot entry to reboot into the reinstated system.

A snapshot of the file system status before the rollback is created, and the default subvolume for root will be replaced
with a fresh read-write snapshot.

## Firefox MP4/H.264 video support

To deal with [patent problems][information about the h.264 patent license], neither Firefox nor openSUSE provides the
H264 codec required by fresh new openSUSE installation to play some video formats on the web.<br/>
The Packman and VLC repositories provide the needed `libav` packages. Install those libraries to let Firefox use them to
decode MP4/H.264 video.

```sh
zypper install 'libavcodec60' 'libavdevice60' 'libavformat60'
```

openSUSE provides `ffmpeg` and `libav` packages like `libavcodec56`, but in them all patent related codecs were removed
making them unable to play MP4/H.264 video. That is why one needs to upgrade these packages with their version in the
Packman or VLC repositories.

Go to this [Simple WebRTC H264 check page] to check if Firefox can play H.264 videos after installation.

## Docker images

OpenSUSE's official container images are created and stored in
[SUSE's container registry][container images built by the open build service]:

```sh
docker run -ti --rm --name 'tw' 'registry.opensuse.org/opensuse/tumbleweed'
```

## Further readings

- [Zypper]
- [Bluetooth]
- [Firewalld]
- [Systemd]
- [System Recovery and Snapshot Management with Snapper]
- [Container Images built by the Open Build Service]

### Sources

- [OpenSSH basics]
- [Bluetooth on boot]
- [Raspberry Pi4]
- [Firefox MP4/H.264 video support]
- [Information about the H.264 patent license]
- [Simple WebRTC H264 check page]

<!--
  Reference
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  -->

<!-- Knowledge base -->
[bluetooth]: ../bluetooth.md#bluetooth-devices-cannot-be-used-at-login
[firewalld]: ../firewalld.md
[systemd]: ../systemd.md
[zypper]: ../zypper.md

<!-- Upstream -->
[container images built by the open build service]: https://registry.opensuse.org/cgi-bin/cooverview
[firefox mp4/h.264 video support]: https://en.opensuse.org/SDB:Firefox_MP4/H.264_Video_Support
[openssh basics]: https://en.opensuse.org/SDB:OpenSSH_basics
[raspberry pi4]: https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Raspberry_Pi
[system recovery and snapshot management with snapper]: https://documentation.suse.com/sles/12-SP4/html/SLES-all/cha-snapper.html

<!-- Others -->
[bluetooth on boot]: https://www.reddit.com/r/openSUSE/comments/eoozm2/comment/feetqpn/
[information about the h.264 patent license]: https://www.fsf.org/licensing/h264-patent-license
[simple webrtc h264 check page]: https://mozilla.github.io/webrtc-landing/pc_test_no_h264