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chore(kb): review and add articles for commands i stored somewhere else
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Michele Cereda
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knowledge base/nslookup.md
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74
knowledge base/nslookup.md
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# nslookup
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> TODO
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Intro
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<!-- Remove this line to uncomment if used
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## Table of contents <!-- omit in toc -->
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1. [TL;DR](#tldr)
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1. [Further readings](#further-readings)
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1. [Sources](#sources)
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## TL;DR
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<!-- Uncomment if used
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<details>
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<summary>Setup</summary>
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```sh
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```
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</details>
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-->
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<details>
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<summary>Usage</summary>
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```sh
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# Resolve using the default name server
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nslookup 'www.google.com'
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# Resolve using specific name servers
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nslookup 'grafana.dev.ecs.internal' '172.31.0.2'
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nslookup '172.16.43.212' '172.31.0.2'
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```
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</details>
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<!-- Uncomment if used
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<details>
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<summary>Real world use cases</summary>
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```sh
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```
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</details>
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-->
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## Further readings
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- [Website]
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- [Codebase]
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### Sources
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- [Documentation]
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- [nslookup Cheat Sheet]
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<!--
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Reference
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═╬═Time══
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-->
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<!-- In-article sections -->
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<!-- Knowledge base -->
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<!-- Files -->
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<!-- Upstream -->
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[Codebase]: https://github.com/project/
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[Documentation]: https://website/docs/
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[Website]: https://website/
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<!-- Others -->
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[nslookup Cheat Sheet]: https://www.commandinline.com/cheat-sheet/nslookup/
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@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
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# Pkexec
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Allows an _authorized_ user to execute a command as another user. If a username is not specified, the command will be executed as `root`.
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## Table of contents <!-- omit in toc -->
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Allows _authorized_ users to execute commands as another user, similarly to [`sudo`][sudo].
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1. [TL;DR](#tldr)
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1. [Further readings](#further-readings)
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## TL;DR
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If one does **not** specify a username, the command will be executed as `root`.
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```sh
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pkexec systemctl hibernate
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```
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@@ -16,10 +16,18 @@ pkexec systemctl hibernate
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## Further readings
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- [Man page]
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- [`sudo`][sudo]
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<!--
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References
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Reference
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═╬═Time══
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-->
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<!-- In-article sections -->
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<!-- Knowledge base -->
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[sudo]: sudo.md
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<!-- Files -->
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<!-- Upstream -->
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<!-- Others -->
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[man page]: https://linux.die.net/man/1/pkexec
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knowledge base/pkill.md
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knowledge base/pkill.md
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# pkill
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> TODO
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Command-line tools that sends signals to the processes of a running program based on given criteria.
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1. [TL;DR](#tldr)
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1. [Further readings](#further-readings)
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1. [Sources](#sources)
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## TL;DR
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Basically a wrapper around `pgrep` and `kill`.
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Part of the `procps` (or `procps-ng`) package, which is pre-installed on nearly all Linux distributions.
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The processes can be specified by:
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- Their **full** or **partial** name.
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- A user running the process.
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- Other attributes.
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Returns 0 when at least one running process matched the requested pattern. Otherwise, its exit code is `1`.
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<details>
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<summary>Setup</summary>
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```sh
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apt install 'procps'
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brew install 'proctools' # or brew install 'pkill'
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dnf install 'procps-ng'
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yum install 'procps-ng'
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```
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>Usage</summary>
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```sh
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# Gracefully stop all processes of programs matching the given pattern
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pkill 'pattern'
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pkill -15 'pattern'
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pkill -TERM 'pattern'
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pkill -SIGTERM 'pattern'
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pkill --signal 'TERM' 'pattern'
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# Display what processes are sent signals
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pkill -e …
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pkill --echo …
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# Only kill processes of specific users' *real* id
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pkill -u 'mark' …
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pkill --uid 'mark,john' …
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```
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>Real world use cases</summary>
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```sh
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pkill -HUP 'nginx'
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pkill --signal 'TERM' --exact 'yes'
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pkill '^ssh$'
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pkill -9 -f "ping 8.8.8.8"
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pkill -KILL -u 'mike' 'gdm'
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```
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</details>
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## Further readings
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- [Website]
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- [Codebase]
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### Sources
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- [Documentation]
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- [Pkill Command in Linux]
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<!--
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Reference
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═╬═Time══
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-->
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<!-- In-article sections -->
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<!-- Knowledge base -->
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<!-- Files -->
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<!-- Upstream -->
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[Codebase]: https://github.com/project/
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[Documentation]: https://website/docs/
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[Website]: https://website/
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<!-- Others -->
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[Pkill Command in Linux]: https://linuxize.com/post/pkill-command-in-linux/
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@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@
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1. [Execute commands as a specific user](#execute-commands-as-a-specific-user)
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1. [Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting)
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1. [I modified a sudoers file manually, messed it up, and now I cannot use sudo anymore](#i-modified-a-sudoers-file-manually-messed-it-up-and-now-i-cannot-use-sudo-anymore)
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1. [Sources](#sources)
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1. [Further readings](#further-readings)
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1. [Sources](#sources)
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## TL;DR
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Sudoers files use the Extended Backus-Naur Form (EBNF) grammar.
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Files in included directories are loaded in sorted lexical order.<br/>
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Files which name ends in `~` or contains `.` are skipped to avoid causing problems with package manager or temporary or backup files.
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Files which name ends in `~` or contains `.` are skipped to avoid causing problems with package manager or temporary or
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backup files.
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When multiple entries match for the same user, they are applied in order.<br/>
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Where there are multiple matches, the last match is used (which is not necessarily the most specific one).
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@@ -99,7 +101,11 @@ try using another access method like `PolicyKit` and fix the file up:
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pkexec visudo -f '/etc/sudoers.d/michael'
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```
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## Sources
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## Further readings
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- [`pkexec`][pkexec]
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### Sources
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- [How to modify an invalid sudoers file]
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- [sudo as another user with their environment]
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@@ -107,9 +113,17 @@ pkexec visudo -f '/etc/sudoers.d/michael'
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- [Linux fundamentals: A to Z of a sudoers file]
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<!--
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References
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Reference
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═╬═Time══
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-->
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<!-- In-article sections -->
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<!-- Knowledge base -->
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[pkexec]: pkexec.md
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<!-- Files -->
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<!-- Upstream -->
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<!-- Others -->
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<!-- Others -->
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[how to modify an invalid sudoers file]: https://askubuntu.com/questions/73864/how-to-modify-an-invalid-etc-sudoers-file
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[linux fundamentals: a to z of a sudoers file]: https://medium.com/kernel-space/linux-fundamentals-a-to-z-of-a-sudoers-file-a5da99a30e7f
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