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fix(kb/zsh): add source

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Michele Cereda
2025-05-27 23:41:14 +02:00
parent ed9795fc69
commit 6920949aa6
1 changed files with 38 additions and 21 deletions
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knowledge base/zsh.md
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@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ Exit files load sequence:
1. `/etc/zlogout`
1. `${ZDOTDIR}/.zlogout`
Aliases are expanded when the function definition is parsed, not when the function is executed. Define aliases **before** functions to avoid problems.
Aliases are expanded when the function definition is parsed, not when the function is executed.<br/>
Define aliases **before** functions to avoid problems.
```sh
# Logout after 3 minutes of inactivity.
@@ -116,7 +117,8 @@ When one writes an alias, one can also press `ctrl-x` followed by `a` to see the
## Parameter expansion
Parameter expansions can involve flags like `${(@kv)aliases}` and other operators such as `${PREFIX:-"/usr/local"}`.<br/>
Parameter expansions can involve flags like `${(@kv)aliases}` and other operators such as
`${PREFIX:-"/usr/local"}`.<br/>
Nested parameters expand from the inside out.
If the parameter is a **scalar** (a number or string) then the value, if any, is substituted:
@@ -127,7 +129,8 @@ $ echo "$scalar"
hello
```
Curly braces are required if the expansion is followed by letters, digits or underscores that are not to be interpreted as part of name:
Curly braces are required if the expansion is followed by letters, digits or underscores that are not to be interpreted
as part of name:
```sh
$ echo "${scalar}_world"
@@ -362,12 +365,15 @@ zsh: name: parameter not set
### Matching and replacement
In the following expressions, when _name_ is an array and the substitution is not quoted, or if the `(@)` flag or the `name[@]` syntax is used, matching and replacement is performed **on each array element** separately.
In the following expressions, when _name_ is an array and the substitution is not quoted, or if the `(@)` flag or the
`name[@]` syntax is used, matching and replacement is performed **on each array element** separately.
FIXME
## Arrays
Also see [Associative arrays in zsh].
```sh
# Get a slice of an array.
# Negative numbers count backwards.
@@ -429,7 +435,8 @@ bindkey "^[[3~" delete-char
- `RCS` affects all startup files
- `GLOBAL_RCS` only affects global startup files (those shown here with an path starting with a /)
If one of the options is unset at any point, any subsequent startup file(s) of the corresponding type will not be read.<br/>
If one of the options is unset at any point, any subsequent startup file(s) of the corresponding type will not be
read.<br/>
It is also possible for a file in `$ZDOTDIR` to re-enable `GLOBAL_RCS`.<br/>
Both `RCS` and `GLOBAL_RCS` are set by default
@@ -454,17 +461,25 @@ bindkey "^[[3~" delete-char
1. `$ZDOTDIR/.zlogout`
1. `/etc/zlogout`
This happens with either an explicit exit via the `exit` or `logout` commands, or an implicit exit by reading `end-of-file` from the terminal.<br/>
However, if the shell terminates due to exec'ing another process, the files are not read. These are also affected by the `RCS` and `GLOBAL_RCS` options.<br/>
The `RCS` option affects the saving of history files, i.e. if `RCS` is unset when the shell exits, no history file will be saved.
This happens with either an explicit exit via the `exit` or `logout` commands, or an implicit exit by reading
`end-of-file` from the terminal.<br/>
However, if the shell terminates due to exec'ing another process, the files are not read. These are also affected by
the `RCS` and `GLOBAL_RCS` options.<br/>
The `RCS` option affects the saving of history files, i.e. if `RCS` is unset when the shell exits, no history file
will be saved.
If `ZDOTDIR` is unset, `HOME` is used instead. Files listed above as being in `/etc` may be in another directory, depending on the installation.
If `ZDOTDIR` is unset, `HOME` is used instead. Files listed above as being in `/etc` may be in another directory,
depending on the installation.
`/etc/zshenv` is run for **all** instances of zsh.<br/>
it is a good idea to put code that does not need to be run for every single shell behind a test of the form `if [[ -o rcs ]]; then ...` so that it will not be executed when zsh is invoked with the `-f` option.
it is a good idea to put code that does not need to be run for every single shell behind a test of the form
`if [[ -o rcs ]]; then ...` so that it will not be executed when zsh is invoked with the `-f` option.
When `/etc/zprofile` is installed it will override `PATH` and possibly other variables that a user may set in `~/.zshenv`. Custom `PATH` settings and similar overridden variables can be moved to `~/.zprofile` or other user startup files that are sourced after the `/etc/zprofile`.<br/>
If `PATH` must be set in `~/.zshenv` to affect things like non-login ssh shells, one method is to use a separate path-setting file that is conditionally sourced in `~/.zshenv` and also sourced from `~/.zprofile`.
When `/etc/zprofile` is installed it will override `PATH` and possibly other variables that a user may set in
`~/.zshenv`. Custom `PATH` settings and similar overridden variables can be moved to `~/.zprofile` or other user startup
files that are sourced after the `/etc/zprofile`.<br/>
If `PATH` must be set in `~/.zshenv` to affect things like non-login ssh shells, one method is to use a separate
path-setting file that is conditionally sourced in `~/.zshenv` and also sourced from `~/.zprofile`.
### History
@@ -557,7 +572,8 @@ bindkey "^[[3~" delete-char
### Compinit warnings of insecure directories and files
Compinit is complaining of some critical files being group writable. Running `compaudit` will list those files. Just use it to remove the group's write permission:
Compinit is complaining of some critical files being group writable. Running `compaudit` will list those files. Just use
it to remove the group's write permission:
```sh
compaudit | xargs chmod g-w
@@ -588,26 +604,27 @@ compaudit | xargs chmod g-w
[antibody]: https://github.com/getantibody/antibody
[antidote]: https://getantidote.github.io/
[antigen]: https://github.com/zsh-users/antigen
[fzf]: https://github.com/junegunn/fzf
[ohmyzsh]: https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh
[zcomet]: https://github.com/agkozak/zcomet
[zplug]: https://github.com/zplug/zplug
[zsh-autosuggestions]: https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions
[zsh-completions]: https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-completions
[zsh-history-substring-search]: https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-history-substring-search
[zsh-syntax-highlighting]: https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting
[Associative arrays in zsh]: https://scriptingosx.com/2019/11/associative-arrays-in-zsh/
[awesome zsh plugins]: https://github.com/unixorn/awesome-zsh-plugins
[completion config example]: https://github.com/ThiefMaster/zsh-config/blob/master/zshrc.d/completion.zsh
[fix key settings (home/end/insert/delete) in .zshrc when running zsh in terminator terminal emulator]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8638012/fix-key-settings-home-end-insert-delete-in-zshrc-when-running-zsh-in-terminat#8645267
[fzf]: https://github.com/junegunn/fzf
[gentoo wiki]: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Zsh
[handling signals with trap]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59911669/proper-way-to-use-a-trap-to-exit-a-shell-script-in-zsh#59925138
[how can i convert an array into a comma separated string?]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53839253/how-can-i-convert-an-array-into-a-comma-separated-string
[how to list all variables names and their current values?]: https://askubuntu.com/questions/275965/how-to-list-all-variables-names-and-their-current-values#275972
[ohmyzsh]: https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh
[pattern matching in a conditional expression]: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/553607/pattern-matching-in-a-zsh-conditional-expression
[remove duplicates in zsh path]: https://til.hashrocket.com/posts/7evpdebn7g-remove-duplicates-in-zsh-path
[substitutions]: http://zsh.sourceforge.net/Guide/zshguide05.html
[the z shell manual]: http://zsh.sourceforge.net/Doc/Release/
[upper- or lower-casing strings]: https://scriptingosx.com/2019/12/upper-or-lower-casing-strings-in-bash-and-zsh/
[what should/shouldn't go in .zshenv, .zshrc, .zlogin, .zprofile, .zlogout?]: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/71253/what-should-shouldnt-go-in-zshenv-zshrc-zlogin-zprofile-zlogout#487889
[zcomet]: https://github.com/agkozak/zcomet
[zplug]: https://github.com/zplug/zplug
[zsh compinit: insecure directories and files, run compaudit for list]: https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-completions/issues/433#issuecomment-619321054
[zsh delete keybinding]: https://superuser.com/questions/983016/zsh-delete-keybinding#983018
[zsh-autosuggestions]: https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions
[zsh-completions]: https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-completions
[zsh-history-substring-search]: https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-history-substring-search
[zsh-syntax-highlighting]: https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting