chore(kb): start article about netbsd

2026-02-09 05:44:23 +00:00 · 2024-09-06 08:44:56 +02:00
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+# NetBSD
+
+1. [TL;DR](#tldr)
+1. [The `rc.conf` files](#the-rcconf-files)
+1. [Package management](#package-management)
+   1. [Upgrade the system](#upgrade-the-system)
+   1. [Manage ports from the Ports collection](#manage-ports-from-the-ports-collection)
+1. [Enable time sync for the NTP server](#enable-time-sync-for-the-ntp-server)
+1. [Graphical UI](#graphical-ui)
+1. [VirtualBox Guest Additions](#virtualbox-guest-additions)
+1. [Linux binary compatibility](#linux-binary-compatibility)
+1. [Further readings](#further-readings)
+   1. [Sources](#sources)
+
+## TL;DR
+
+```sh
+# Read manual pages.
+man 'man'
+man 5 'rc.conf'
+
+# List all available man pages.
+man -w 'time'
+
+# Read all available man pages.
+man -a 'time'
+
+# Search for keywords in the manual page descriptions.
+man -k 'mail'
+
+# Change the keyboard's layout.
+wsconsctl -kw encoding=it
+
+# Edit files.
+vi 'path/to/file'
+
+# Become 'root' from user sessions.
+# The user must know root's password *and* be member of the 'wheel' group.
+# Use '-' at the end to also load root's environment.
+su
+su -
+
+# Add users.
+useradd -m 'username'
+useradd -mG 'secondary_group' 'username'
+
+# Add new members to groups.
+usermod -G 'group_name' 'username'
+
+# Change users' default shell.
+chpass -s 'path/to/shell' 'username'
+chpass -s "$(grep 'bin/zsh' '/etc/shells')" 'username'
+
+# (Re)start services.
+service ntpd restart
+service vboxguest restart
+
+# Start services at boot.
+echo ntpd_enable="YES" >> '/etc/rc.conf'
+echo vboxguest_enable="YES" >> '/etc/rc.conf'
+
+# Upgrade the system to newer *minor* versions.
+sysinst
+sysupgrade auto 'https://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-10.0/amd64'
+
+# Upgrade the system to newer *major* versions.
+sysinst
+sysupgrade fetch 'https://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-10.0/amd64' \
+&& sysupgrade kernel \
+&& sysupgrade modules \
+&& reboot \
+&& sysupgrade sets \
+&& sysupgrade etcupdate \
+&& sysupgrade clean \
+&& reboot
+
+# Initialize the package managers.
+export PKG_PATH="https://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/$(uname -p)/$(uname -r | cut -d '_' -f '1')/All"
+
+# Install packages the basic way.
+pkg_add -v 'git'
+pkg_add -v 'pkgin'
+
+# Install packages using `pkgin`.
+pkgin install 'firefox'
+pkgin in 'sqlite3'
+
+# Refresh the packages database.
+pkgin update
+pkgin up
+
+# Search for packages.
+pkgin search 'fish'
+pkgin se 'boinc'
+
+# Upgrade packages.
+pkgin upgrade
+pkgin ug
+
+# List installed packages.
+pkgin list
+pkgin ls
+
+# *Gently* reboot the system.
+shutdown -r now
+shutdown -r +30 "System will reboot"
+
+# *Gently* shutdown the system.
+# `poweroff` is equivalent to `shutdown -p now`.
+shutdown -p +5
+poweroff
+```
+
+## The `rc.conf` files
+
+TODO
+
+## Package management
+
+### Upgrade the system
+
+TODO
+
+### Manage ports from the Ports collection
+
+TODO
+
+## Enable time sync for the NTP server
+
+```sh
+sysrc ntpd_enable="YES"
+sysrc ntpd_sync_on_start="YES"
+```
+
+## Graphical UI
+
+TODO
+
+## VirtualBox Guest Additions
+
+TODO
+
+## Linux binary compatibility
+
+TODO
+
+## Further readings
+
+- [Website]
+
+### Sources
+
+- [Documentation]
+
+<!--
+  Reference
+  ═╬═Time══
+  -->
+
+<!-- In-article sections -->
+<!-- Upstream -->
+[documentation]: https://www.netbsd.org/docs/
+[website]: https://www.netbsd.org/
+
+<!-- Others -->